Almost every second man at different ages suffers from prostatitis. This disease is associated with an inflammatory process in the prostate, which can be caused by stagnation processes in the pelvic region, various infections. In case the result of the analysis showed the presence of pathogens in the secretion of the prostate gland, the doctor diagnoses bacterial prostatitis. Why does the disease develop and how is it treated?
ᲛReasons
Based on the name, it becomes clear that the main reason for the development of the disease is the introduction of bacteria into the prostate. The causative agents may be:
- Intestine and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- ᲡTafilococcus bacterium.
- Enterococcus.
- Klebsiella.
- Enterobacter.
- Proteus.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections.
Many pathogenic microorganisms are always present in the human body without harming it. However, when favorable conditions arise, the infection actively begins to develop, leading to disease. These are favorable conditions for bacteria:
- Urinary tract diseases.
- Bacterial infections that develop in the body and can enter the prostate gland through blood or lymph fluid.
- Phimosis of the prostate.
- Acute epididymitis.
- Urethral catheterization.
- Reflux (intraprostatic or urethroprostatic) when disease-causing organisms enter the prostate.
- Transurethral surgeries performed without prior antibiotic therapy.
- Urinary disorders due to abnormal structure of the bladder.
- Conditions associated with reduced immune protection (AIDS, diabetes, hemodialysis procedure).
When bacteria enter the area of the prostate, pathogenic microflora actively begins to develop and an inflammatory process occurs in the body.
Risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing prostatitis include:
- Frequent diseases of the genital system of an infectious nature.
- Presence of helminthic infections and other parasites.
- ᲒNetic predisposition.
- Incomplete or timely emptying of the bladder.
- Hypothermia.
- Irritation of the urethra with chemicals.
- Obscene sex life, lack of contraception.
The main causes of the development of inflammation of the prostate gland
- Prolonged sexual abstinence.
- Existence of bad habits.
- Weakening of immunity.
- Wrong nutrition.
- Dehydration of the body.
- A seductive lifestyle, which leads to the emergence of stagnation processes in the pelvis.
- Frequent stressful situations.
Symptoms
It is simply impossible not to notice the symptoms of bacterial prostatitis since this form of the disease begins acutely. The patient is bothered by:
- An increase in body temperature accompanied by chills.
- Painful sensations in the perineum, lower abdomen and lower back.
- Painful urination. The patient notes pain and a burning sensation in the urethra, which is especially strongly felt at night.
- Difficulty urinating, feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Constipation is possible due to compression of the anus by an inflamed prostate.
- Signs of intoxication of the body (headache, general weakness of the body, body aches).
- Discharge from the urethra.
The symptoms of the disease also vary according to the stage of bacterial prostatitis:
- At the beginning of the disease the inflammation does not spread outside the prostate. Men are concerned about pain in the perineum that may radiate to the sacrum. Urination is fast and painful.
- In the second stage, the inflammation spreads to the lobules of the prostate gland. In this case, the pain increases and may be given to the anus. Urination is significantly reduced, until its complete restraint.
- In the advanced form of bacterial prostatitis, inflammation extends to all lobes of the prostate. The patient complains of signs of general intoxication of the body. Body temperature rises to 40 degrees. Urine delay becomes severe. There are pulsating sensations in the perineum. Constipation is common.
Possible complications
With timely or poor treatment, acute bacterial prostatitis can seriously damage a man’s health and life. The most dangerous of these is sepsis.
Also, the infection can grow on the prostate gland and cause pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Bacterial prostatitis can develop into a chronic form, which is often difficult to treat and causes complications such as: adenoma, infertility, impotence, etc. Sh.
Diagnosis
Since bacterial prostatitis has characteristic symptoms, it is usually quite easy to diagnose. If the disease is not acute, the doctor will perform a rectal examination by examining the gland area and taking a secretion sample for analysis. The following studies help diagnose:
- Clinical and bacterial analysis of the patient's blood and urine.
- Ultrasound of the prostate.
- Blood PSA.
- Analysis of epithelial effusion from the urethra.
Treatment
The danger of bacterial prostatitis is that it can become chronic in the shortest amount of time. Therefore, it is very important to start treatment at the first signs of the disease. After all, the chronic form of the disease contributes to the spread of the inflammatory process to the surrounding tissues and organs. If you neglect treatment and do not take certain medications, then the prostate may be completely atrophic.
Antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial prostatitis. Only a doctor can recommend this or that drug after receiving the results of examination and microbiological tests.
Treatment with antibacterial agents is considered to be the most suitable for the bacterial nature of the disease. Because antibiotics can permeate body tissues, the drug can penetrate freely into the site of inflammation.
The following antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial prostatitis:
- Ampicillins.
- Macrolide preparations are quite effective in combating many disease pathogens.
- Cephalosporin group drugs are effective in the acute phase of the disease.
- Fluoroquinolones are very sensitive to many bacteria. Because these medications have a large number of side effects, they are prescribed with caution.
- Tetracyclines are difficult to tolerate, so recently they have been very rarely prescribed.
The course of antibiotic therapy can not be less than 10 days.
In addition, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for treatment. They effectively relieve prostate pain and inflammation.
If problems with urination are observed, the patient is shown the use of alpha-blockers, which leads to a decrease in tension in the smooth muscles of the urethra and bladder.
Often, bacterial prostatitis is accompanied by a depressive state and frequent changes in the patient's mood. In such cases, the doctor recommends the use of drugs with a sedative effect.
If the disease is severe, the patient needs detoxification treatment, which includes intravenous glucose administration, saline solution with trace elements, and vitamin complexes. It is important for men to follow a drinking regimen and drink at least 2 liters of clean water a day.
The treatment regimen for prostatitis with medication should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the pelvis and increasing the body’s defenses. To do this, use:
- Complexes of vitamins and minerals.
- Antispasmodics.
- Immunomodulators.
- Biological.
In addition to taking medication, your doctor recommends making microclits with decoctions of medicinal plants (chamomile, calendula). In the case of bacterial prostatitis, the use of topical drugs should be strictly limited, as there is a high risk of various complications.
After the elimination of the inflammatory process, the patient is prescribed physiotherapy (electrical stimulation of the prostate, magnetotherapy, etc. ). They help speed recovery and are conducted on an outpatient basis.
In extreme cases, when taking medication has not given the desired result, your doctor may decide to perform surgery. Such an intervention consists of prostate resection and is usually performed in older men. Young people are not prescribed such treatment because of possible complications (enuresis, impotence, infertility).
If bacterial prostatitis becomes chronic, its treatment is quite difficult. We must remember that it is impossible to do this at home.
Preventive measures
The best prevention of bacterial prostatitis is an active lifestyle. This is due to the fact that the gland is poorly supplied with blood. Therefore, those who have lifeless work should take regular breaks to walk a little or do special exercises (pulling the anus muscles).
Contrast shower gives a good effect. In this case, the water flow is directed directly to the perineal area. The time to use warm (hot) water is 30 seconds, cool - should not exceed 15 seconds. The average duration of the procedure should be 5 minutes.
Preventive measures also include:
- Avoid body hypothermia.
- You fight constipation. If you can not get rid of them independently, you should see a doctor who will recommend mild laxatives.
- Normalize sexual activity (choosing a regular partner, using a condom in case of suspicious contact, avoiding prolonged absence, or overly active sex).
- Regular prophylactic examination by a urologist for all men aged 40-45 years.
Forecast
What are the consequences of bacterial prostatitis in men? The success of treatment depends on how timely and competently the therapy is prescribed. In addition, it is influenced by the patient's age, lifestyle, disease stage and the presence of other diseases in the body.
The acute phase responds well to drug treatment, which after a few days significantly improves the condition of the man. But with mistreatment or its cessation, it is possible for prostatitis to recur and go into a chronic form, making it much harder to cure.
To prevent the unpleasant consequences of bacterial prostatitis, it is important for a man to monitor his health, follow preventive measures, and consult a doctor in case of discomfort in the perineum region.